ABSTRACT
Ameloblastoma is a benign, locally aggressive neoplasm that needs extensive surgical resection. The goal of this article is to obtain an in?depth review of benign ameloblastomas to determine the available level of evidence and the possible benefit of targeted therapeutics for the treatment of ameloblastoma and BRAF V600E mutation in ameloblastoma. An electronic literature search was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines in PubMed/MEDLINE, EBSCO, and Web of Science for eligible studies published between 1975 and 2021. The systematic review is registered with INPLASY (INPLASY202260018). The review included 2 case series and 17 case reports. The histopathological type, anatomic location, expression of BRAF mutation, additional mutations, and molecular?targeted therapies of the 19 reviewed articles were summarized and tabulated. Interestingly, the majority of the primary site of ameloblastoma was located in the mandible (80.9%) compared to the maxilla (17%). The tumour size was reported in nine of the included studies. Most of the included studies in the review exhibited ameloblastoma with BRAF V600E mutations and responded to molecular?targeted therapies. Molecular therapies employing BRAF and/or MEK inhibitors in ameloblastoma with BRAF V600E mutations proved to be an appropriate treatment based on the limited available evidence. It is essential further to deepen our understanding at th
ABSTRACT
Several syndromes are associated with cleft lip and cleft palate. Apart from the several syndromes reported in cleft lip and palate, syndromes require special attention, which are certain Velocardiofacial syndrome, Van der Woude syndrome (VWS), Stickler syndrome. Van der Woude, Foetal alcohol syndrome, Holzgreve syndrome, Marfan syndrome, Myotonic dystrophy, Klippel–Feil syndrome, Patau syndrome, Potter sequence and Pierre Robin sequence are also some of the syndromes which have been associated with cleft lip and palate. Certain measures such as multidisciplinary approach and family counselling may prove to be beneficial to treat cleft lip and palate.
ABSTRACT
Oral cancer (OC) is a global burden. India has become the epicentre of OC globally. As clinicians we are responsible for recognizing and detecting early or incipient changes of the oral mucosa, because, inspite of numerous advances in the treatment of OC, 5-year survival rate remains only 50%. This poor prognosis is due to several factors. However, single most effective route to improving the long-term outcome of OC is early diagnosis. Dentists must be keenly aware of oral mucosal alterations; any observed suspicious mucosal abnormality must be sampled using biopsy. A variety of commercial diagnostic aids and adjunctive techniques are available to potentially assist in the screening of healthy patients, for evidence of otherwise occult cancerous change or to assess the biologic potential of clinically abnormal mucosal lesions. This article is aimed at helping the clinicians, about the various aids or adjuncts that can be used in OC detection; a systematic review of the literature by way of descriptive design was used.
ABSTRACT
Orofacial clefts i.e., cleft lip (CL), cleft lip and palate (CLP), cleft palate (CP) alone, as well as median, lateral (transversal), oblique facial clefts) are among the most common congenital anomalies seen in humans.
ABSTRACT
Myofibroblasts differentiate, invade and repair injured tissues by secreting and organizing the extracellular matrix and by developing contractile forces. Under physiological conditions, the secretory and contractile activities of myofibroblasts are terminated when the repair is complete (scar formation) but the functionality of the tissue is only rarely perfectly restored. At the end of the normal repair process, myofibroblasts disappear by apoptosis but in pathological situations, myofibroblasts likely remain leading to excessive scarring. These diverse cell types probably contribute to the appearance of myofibroblast subpopulations which show specific biological properties and which are important to understand in order to develop new therapeutic strategies for treatment of fibrotic and scarring diseases.